Heating boiler



July 1,1941,

H. s. ACKERMAN HEATING BOILER Fi-led Aug. 4, 1939 Big. 4

INVENTOR.

m... ga m A ORNEY.

Patented July I, 19 41 UNITED STATE S PAT 2,247,796 trauma 130mm Eur oFFc Harold S. Ackerm an, Aspinwall, Pa. Application August 4, 1939, SerialNo; 288,318

' .7 Claims. (01.122-214) This invention relates to new anduseiulimprovements in boilers for heating dwellingsand in multiples insuperposed relation to obtain a de sired heating capacity, the sectionsbeing flanged to eliminate the need for an extra housing.

A further object of the invention is to provide an economical boilerdesign especially adapted to individual apartment heating in multipledwellings so that the heating plant of each apartment or dwelling unitis under the control of the tenant whereby the temperature conditions ofthe dwelling may be maintained solely for the comfort of such tenant.

A further object is the provision of a tubular boiler section for gasfurnaces in which the boiler tubes are horizontally disposedv to exposemore radiant surface to the flame and are of a shape to eliminate flamefriction or deflected heat to provide an even flow of flame.

Apartments are usually heated by a central plant from which theheatingmedium is piped to the various apartments, and insmaller multipledwellings such as duplex construction the difiiculties encountered inproviding suitable temperature conditions to both dwellings is wellknown.

By means of the present invention separate heating units are provided ofan inexpensive construction so that the use of separate heating systemsis not prohibitive, and by the employment of any number of standard oruniversal units the desired capacity will be available regardless of thesize of the individual dwellings. The invention will become moreapparent from a description of the accompanying drawing constituting apart hereof in which like reference characters designate like parts andin which:

Fig. 1 is a vertical section of a boiler and a housing showing theburner in end elevation;

Fig. 2 a similar view taken at right angles to the view of Fig. 1:

Fig. 3 a front elevational view; and

Fig. 4 a side elevational view thereof.

With reference to the several figures of the drawing, the structuretherein illustrated comprises a base i on which is assembled a series ofa portion of a cycioid curve, having arametric boiler units 2 and 3, oneof the units I being interposed between a, pair of the units 2, and anymultiple of such alternate units may be assembled to produce a desiredheating capacity. A cover or stack element 4 is provided with a stackconnectioni. The burner 8 of the conventional goose-neck type or anysuitable burner is mounted on a bracket 1 of the base element I. I

As shown in Fig. 2 of the drawing the circulating passages forthe waterare substantially V-shaped, as shown at 8, and are staggered so that theproducts of combustion from the burner 6 are diverted in their upwardflow and completeiy envelope the V-shaped elements and the fins 9thereof. Each unit is provided with an inlet and outlet connection, oneat each end thereof, by which they are connected either to the source ofwater supply or the service line leading to the heat radiating elements,or the units are interconnected at their ends to provide a coninuousflow passage. As shown in Fig. 2, the

threaded connections In and I l are the connections to the source ofwater and service line,

and the units are interconnected by nipples l2 which are outwardly wedgeshaped to effect sealed connetcions with the reamed bores 01 the heaterunits. This construction lends itself admirably to the stackingof theunits, 01' which three are shown in the illustration. Obviously,additional units such as another unit 3 and 2 can be stacked on top ofthe assemblies shown in the 7 drawing to increase the heatingcapacity ofthe unit.

The outer periphery of the units 2 are provided with flanges 2a whichare of a dimension corresponding substantially to one-half the thicknessof the units S'that are disposed between the units 2. By means of theseflanges which act as an outside wall, the need for a separate housing isV eliminated. v

' The cross section shape of the tubes is that of equations (a:=a(0-sinB) v (y=a(1-cos B) which lie between upon by the constant force F ofgravity.

In this furnace. the hot gases are moved up-' ward bya constant force Fequal to the difference in weight of an air column at room'temperatureand th; weight of an equal size column of the hot gases.

Conversely, from the above, the cycloid curve presents. the curve ofquickest ascent for the molecules of hot gas passing up along thesurface of the tube, which is desirable in that the rapid sweeping ofthe tube by the hot gas removes any insulating layers of cold gas andinsures a greater transfer of heat to the tube and hence to the heatingmedium. This assures exceptionly high efficiency as proven by the factthat we meanabled. through this construction to obtain a greatercapacity with a unit weighing approximately half of the conventionaltype units.

, It is evident from the fore'goingjdescription of the invention thatthe heating units may be economically produced and are especiallyadapted for use in heating individual apartments of multiple dwellings.By the proper design of the boiler unit, a minimum number of standardparts are adapted to supply heaters of different capacities, which is agreat advantage. I

Althou'gh one embodiment of the invention has mamas l alternate sectionsbeing provided with interlocking flanges for enclosing the intermediatesections, forming a relatively tight enclosure for the products ofcombustion.

outside wall of the end flow passages of alternate v been hereinillustrated and described, it will be obvious to those skilled in theart that various modifications may be made in the details of'con-.

struction without departing from the principles herein set forth.

I claim:

1. A heating furnace comprising a 'base constituting a combustionchamber and a boiler section comprising a plurality of horizontalcastings having seating flanges whereby the sections may be arranged insuperposed relation, each section having a' plurality of parallelhorizontal flow passages in the same horizontal plane in communicationwith the flow passage of adjacent sections to provide a low resistancecirculating passage for the heating medium, the passages of saidsections being of cycloidal shape, to provide for the smooth rapid flowof hot gasses over the tube surface with a minimum of reflected heat,and with the passages of alternate section in staggered relation toprovide'a tortuous path for the products of combustion, and saidcycloidal shaped passages being provided with fins to provide a maximumarea of contact of the radiant flame therewith.

2. A heating furnace comprising a base constituting a combustion chamberand a boiler section comprising a plurality of horizontal castingshaving seating flanges whereby the sections may be arranged insuperposed relation, each section having a plurality of parallelhorizontal flow passages in the same horizontal plane in communicationwith the flow passage of adjacent 3. A heatingfurnace comprising aplurality of boiler sections in superposed relation, each sectionembodying afplurality of parallel horizontal flow passages with air,spaces therebetween, the outside wall of the end flow passages ofalternate sections being of a shape to partially overlap theintermediatesections to thereby totally enclose the intermediatesection.

4. A heating furnace comprising a plurality of boiler sections insuperposed relation, each section embodying a plurality of parallelhorizontal flow passages with 'air spaces therebetween, the

sections being of a shape to partially overlap the intermediate sectionsto thereby constitute the housing wall for the assembled sections, all

of said sections having extending arms forming having horizontallydisposed parallel flow passages and having communicating flow passagesbetween adjacentse'ctions, some of said sections having peripheral wallsof substantially double the thickness of each section to partiallyoverlap intermediate sections \to thereby house the sections as anenclosed boiler unit in which the products of combustion are confined totravel in contactwith the flow passages.

6. A heating furnace comprising a plurality of boiler sections insuperposed relation. each section embodying a pluralityof parallelhorizontal flow passages with air' spaces therebetween, the outside wallof the end flow passages of alternate sections being of a shape topartially overlap the intermediate sections to therebyconstitute thehousing wall for the assembled sections, said sections having hollowarms extending on opposite sides ioined by nipples to establishcommunication between' the flow passages of adjacent sections, saidsections being centered by the .nipples at one end and by theoverlapping outside walls at the sides of the sections.

7. A horizontal boiler tube located above the combustion chamber havingits bottom portion only of the cross-sectional shape of that portion ofa cycloidal curve having parametric equations a:=a (0-sin B) :11 (1-cosB) which lie between L E a: 3 ands:

HAROLD S. ACKERMAN.

